BDNF and isolated cleft palate: In a recent guinea pig model of CPI, which was induced by uterine artery ligation, the growth of the cellular and neuropil layers were found to be reduced in the cerebellum, without concomitant changes in the expressions of immunoreactivity to either brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)-IR or tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB)-IR [12].