Moreover, inhibition of cyclin D1 expression in human pancreatic cancer cells enhances their responsiveness to multiple chemotherapeutic agents other than cisplatin, including 5-fluorouracil, 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine, and mitoxantrone [43]These findings demonstrate that up-regulation of cyclin D1 may be a major reason of cisplatin resistance in multiple tumors. This evidence concerns the gene CCND1 and familial pancreatic carcinoma.