Further subgroup analysis based on country suggested that ESR1 PvuII (C>T) may be associated with increased risk of prostate cancer among Indian population (T allele vs. C allele: OR = 1.37, 95%CI: 1.13–1.67, P = 0.001; TT + TC vs. CC: OR = 1.34, 95%CI: 1.01–1.78, P = 0.040; TT vs. CC + CT: OR = 2.06, 95%CI: 1.37–3.09, P<0.001; TT vs. CC: OR = 2.27, 95%CI: 1.46–3.53, P<0.001; TT vs. CT: OR = 1.93, 95%CI: 1.26–2.94, P = 0.002; respectively) (Figure 3), but similar results were not found among American or Japanese populations (all P>0.05). This evidence concerns the gene ESR1 and prostate cancer.