Results from the subgroup analysis by country showed that ESR1 XbaI (A>G) polymorphism was slightly correlated with increased risk of prostate cancer among American population under the allele model (G allele vs. A allele: OR = 1.14, 95%CI: 1.00–1.30, P = 0.045), but not among Japanese and Indian populations. Here, ESR1 is linked to prostate cancer.