Of the 17 HPK genes identified important for A/WSN/33 replication, six (CDK13, HK2, NEK8, PANK4, PLK4, SGK3) emulated the phenotype following A/New Caledonia/20/99 infection, i.e. increased or decreased virus replication as measured by influenza NP localization (Figure 2A) and influenza M gene levels (Figure 2B). The gene discussed is NEK8; the disease is infection.