CASP9 and melanoma: In PM-WK cells, survivin, an inhibitor of apoptosis that is overexpressed in melanoma and blocks activation of caspase-9 [31, 32], is downregulated after 72 hrs of exposure to T-oligo (Fig 2A), with subsequent decrease of the caspase-9, caspase-3, and caspase-7 proenzymes after 96 hrs of treatment with T-oligo (Fig 2B).