Heterozygous mutations in eight sarcomere proteins (MYH7, ACTC1, TNNT2, TNNI3, MYL2, MYL3, MYBPC3 and TPM1) have been identified in a significant proportion of patients with LVNC in adults and children [14-16,32,33]. Here, MYL3 is linked to left ventricular noncompaction.