SCD and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: This is consistent with mouse studies that revealed that diets containing up to 5% oleate did not rescue the low fat stores in SCD1 mutants (50) and with human studies that showed that diets high in oleic acid, such as a Mediterranean diet, provide a protective role against obesity, whereas diets high in saturated fats and simple carbohydrates, which induce endogenous SCD activity, lead to excess fat stores (51).