Upon viral infection, recognition of foreign nucleic acids is made through extracellular sensing by endosomal Toll-Like Receptors (TLRs 3, 7, 8 and 9) or intracellular detection by specific DExD-box RNA helicases: retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I also known as DDX58), melanoma differentiation–associated gene-5 (MDA5, also known as IFIH1) and laboratory of genetics and physiology 2 (LGP2, also known as DHX58), which form the RIG-I-like receptors (RLRs) family [1]. The gene discussed is RIGI; the disease is viral infectious disease.