CCR5 and HIV infectious disease: Previously, Stantchev et al. reported that 5–10 μg/ml (or 18.5-37 μM) genistein inhibited HIV infection of primary human macrophages [49]; genistein was also found to be non-toxic to cells for these several hours of short treatment at these dosages, and genistein also did not affect the surface expression of CD4 and CCR5 [49].