AHR and hepatocellular carcinoma: Incubation of mouse hepatoma (hepa1c1c7) cells with ginsenosides (Rc, Rh1, PPD, F11) for 4 h increased CYP1A1 mRNA levels, albeit to a lower level than that induced by TCDD (Figure 4), but these data were consistent with the reporter gene induction results and the AhR agonist activity of these ginsenosides.