Finally, as antioxidants modulate the inflammation in IBD [29], we quantified the mRNA expression levels of enzymatic antioxidants cytoplasm superoxide dismutase 1 (Sod1), extracellular superoxide dismutase 3 (Sod3) and glutathione peroxidase 1 (Gpx1). This evidence concerns the gene SOD1 and inflammatory bowel disease.