Moreover, it was previously demonstrated that nitric oxide released from activated microglia inhibits axonal movement of synaptic vesicle precursors containing synaptophysin and synaptotagmin in hippocampal neurons, suggesting that disturbance of axonal transport by microglial nitric oxide may therefore be responsible for axonal injury and synaptic dysfunction in brain diseases characterized by neuroinflammation [52]. Here, SYP is linked to brain disorder.