The gene is located on the short arm of chromosome 18 in a region that has been linked not only to DYT7 dystonia (though the original DYT7 family do not appear to carry a mutation in GNAL), but also to bipolar disorder, schizophrenia and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (Leube et al., 1997a; Berrettini, 2000; Segurado et al., 2003; Laurin et al., 2008; Winter et al., 2012). Here, GNAL is linked to Dystonia.