Using CD3 and CD68 immune cell counts, we determined that six of 14 (42.8%) of the HIV-associated cardiomyopathy cohort met the World Heart Federation criteria for myocarditis, displaying > 14 leukocytes/mm2; three cases of 14 had acute myocarditis (21.4%), while three of 14 had chronic myocarditis (21.4%) (Fig. 1A). This evidence concerns the gene CD68 and cardiomyopathy.