RETN and Insulin resistance: The proinflammatory effects of resistin were attributed to its ability to activate NF-kB signaling pathway and subsequently increase the production of proinflammatory cytokines including TNF-α and IL-6, both of which can impair insulin signaling pathways and lead to insulin resistance (Zeyda and Stulnig, 2009; Singla et al., 2010; Maenhaut and Van de Voorde, 2011).