Additional clinical studies are thus needed to assess the efficacy of this combinatory therapy, possibly including the novel γδ T cell-based immunotherapeutic approach that ex-vivo expansion of polyclonal γδ T cells followed by introduction of a CD19-specific chimeric antigen receptor render them bispecific and more efficient in killing of CD19+ tumor cell lines in vitro and in xenografts [45]. Here, CD19 is linked to neoplasm.