Furthermore, recent work by Gray et al. (2013) in Nox1 and Nox4/ApoE DKO mice identified a key role for Nox1 but not Nox4-derived ROS in diabetes-accelerated atherosclerosis which is consistent with previous reports suggesting different (patho)physiological functions for Nox isoforms in the vasculature. Here, NOX4 is linked to diabetes mellitus.