Commonly, CHOP (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, prednisone) is the “go-to” chemotherapy regimen of choice for PTCL (Broussais-Guillaumot et al., 2013), despite evidence that, except for ALCL, ALK+, it is largely ineffective, as evidenced by a large retrospective analysis from the German High-Grade Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Study Group (Schmitz et al., 2010). The gene discussed is ALK; the disease is mature T-cell and NK-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma.