Depletion of km23-1 inhibits TGFβ1 promoter transactivation, TGFβ1 secretion, c-Fos-DNA binding at the proximal AP-1 site of the human TGFβ1 promoter, and Elk-1 activation in RKO human CRC cells. This evidence concerns the gene ELK1 and colorectal carcinoma.