DDX41 and glomerulonephritis: Briefly, female BALB/c mice were injected with ALD-DNA (Fig. 1A), and high titers of anti-dsDNA Abs (Fig. 1B), immune complex glomerular deposition (Fig. 1C), glomerulonephritis (Fig. 1D, 1E) and proteinuria (Fig. 1F) could be detected in this lupus model.