The most highly expressed canonical pathways include the role of Oct4 in embryonic stem cell pluripotency (SOX2, NR6A1, BRCA1, ASH2L, POU5F1), BRCA1 in DNA damage and hereditary breast cancer signaling (POLRJ2/POLR2J3, FANCB, POLR2J, CDK6, RPA1, PIK3R2, RFC5, BLM, BRCA1, RFC3), cell cycle control of chromosomal replication (MCM6, ORC3, CDK6, RPA1), DNA repair (RPA1, RFC5, RFC3), arginine degradation (ALDH4A1, OAT), and embryonic stem cell differentiation into cardiac lineages (SOX2, POU5DF1) (Fig. 6B). Here, ALDH4A1 is linked to breast carcinoma.