For example, Jendrzejewski et al. showed that the non-coding papillary thyroid carcinoma risk variant maps to the novel, thyroid-specific, long intergenic non-coding RNA, PTCSC3. The expression of this tumor-suppressor RNA was found to be strongly down-regulated in cancer in an allele-specific manner, leading to an increase in cell growth [94]. This evidence concerns the gene PTCSC3 and differentiated thyroid carcinoma.