Lastly, the GIP (gastric inhibitory polypeptide, also known as the glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide) gene has a known effect on stimulating the release of insulin from pancreatic β cells, but also has an insulin-like effect on adipocytes, suggesting that the GIP gene product enhances adipocyte glucose uptake, and that, at least in humans, it has an important role in the development of nutrition-induced obesity[82]. Here, INS is linked to obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.