MMP9 and malignant colon neoplasm: In summary, we demonstrated that UA inhibited cell proliferation and migration and induced apoptosis in colon cancer cells by simultaneously modulating the MMP9/CDH1, Akt/ERK, COX-2/PGE2, p300/NF-κB/CREB2, and cytochrome c/caspase-dependent signaling pathways (Fig. 8).