VCAM1 and cancer: E-selectin, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1 are important in pancreatic cancer, where they participate in the detachment of cells from the primary tumor and contribute to cancer spread [61], and their overexpression in pancreatic adenocarcinomas is associated with a stimulation in tumor growth, increased metastatic ability, and potentially shorter postoperative survival following tumor resection [62].