IL6 and swine influenza: Attempting to elucidate the immune mechanisms of inflammation and to clarify the role of interleukins IL-1β and IL-6 in children with H1N1 virus infection, we evaluated the plasma levels of these cytokines in 15 children with H1N1 infection and 15 controls with lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI), to determine whether a correlation with the expression of these molecular markers and clinical findings of these patients exists.