NFKB1 and inflammatory bowel disease: Other reports show that 5-ASA could decrease IL-1beta production during a 24-hour treatment of biopsy samples from patients with active IBD [29, 30] or inhibit the activation of NF-kB [31], so decreasing the expression of several cytokines (TNF, IL-1, IL-2, IL-6, and IL-8) or adhesion molecules (ICAM-1, VCAM-1, E-selectin, and MAdCAM-1) and enzymes involved in inflammation, like inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 [32, 33].