GZMB and infection: Our results suggest that patients with high levels of this cytotoxic molecule may require treatment with higher dose Cyclosporin A. Further, identification of patients with high levels of granzyme B and response following treatment may allow tailoring therapeutics to individual patients using these techniques, to optimize immunosuppression as to possibly avoid problems associated with over-immunosuppression (e.g., infection and malignancy) and under-immunosuppression with worsening of COPD symptoms.