AKT1 and gastrointestinal stromal tumor: With respect to IGF1R and its downstream signaling molecules, our group has showed that the small molecule TKI, NVP-AEW541 (Novartis), which has activity against IGF1R, can lead to cytotoxicity in mutant GIST cell lines, via AKT and MAPK signaling that is independent from KIT signaling.