119 patients with RA treated with CYP were compared to 119 matched controls that found 37 malignancies in 29 patients and 16 malignancies in 16 patients in the control (p < 0.05); the major differences were in the number of bladder and NMSC observed (6 and 8, respectively) in the CYP-treated group and none in the control. This evidence concerns the gene PPIG and rheumatoid arthritis.