In part, unpromising outcomes in HCC patients are due to the pathogenesis of the disease, which includes the aberrant activation of major signaling pathways such as RAF/MEK/ERK, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, WNT/β-catenin, IGF, HGF/c-MET and angiogenesis [2]. The gene discussed is HGF; the disease is hepatocellular carcinoma.