MDM4 and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: As shown in Figure 1, individuals with the rs4245739 AC and CC genotypes had significantly lower MDM4 mRNA levels (mean ± SE) than those with AA genotype in normal esophagus tissues (1.507±0.260 [n = 25] vs. 0.808±0.356 [n = 4], P = 0.021), but not in ESCC tissues (0.737±0.139 [n = 25] vs. 0.720±0.210 [n = 4], P>0.05).