BRAF and metastatic melanoma: The prevalence of this mutation has led to the development of specific inhibitors against BRAF V600E, including vemurafenib (PLX4032, pre-clinical analog PLX4720) (Chapman et al., 2011) and dabrafenib, both of which have shown remarkable efficacy in BRAF V600E-mutated metastatic melanoma in Phase III clinical trials (Hauschild et al., 2012), and are discussed further below.