The common up-regulated genes identified are involved in many pathways related to the development of cancer, including the cell cycle, cellular growth and proliferation, cell cycle checkpoint, extracellular matrix remodeling, and angiogenesis (eg, Wnt signaling and cell cycle checkpoint pathways, such as SULF1, SFRP4, LEF1, TOP2A, and CDC2[26], [26], [27], [39]–[41], and the integrin signaling pathway (ARPC1B, COL1A1, COL4A1, FN1, and LAMB1)). This evidence concerns the gene LEF1 and cancer.