AFP and hepatocellular carcinoma: The AFP-only model classified 12 of 18 before HCC treatment patients and 9 of 18 after HCC treatment patients correctly (AUC = 0.735, error rate = 42%), whereas the 2-marker panel separated 15 of 18 before HCC treatment and 11 of 18 after HCC treatment patients successfully (AUC = 0.895, error rate = 28%).