PTGS2 and ulcerative colitis: Moreover, a number of reports indicated that 5-AZA altered DNA binding activation of NF-κB in macrophage [85], reversed inflammation (COX-2) in Epstein-Barr Virus-positive gastric epithelial cells [86] and inhibited IL-6 in a cohort of ulcerative colitis patients with varying degrees of dysplasia [87].