Aside from statins, the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, lisinopril, reverses the elevation in arginase activity in erythrocytes from patients with atherosclerosis and hypertension while the phosphodiesterase type 3 inhibitor, cilostamide, inhibits hypoxia-induced arginase II expression in human pulmonary artery SMCs (Chen et al., 2012; Kosenko et al., 2012). This evidence concerns the gene ARG2 and atherosclerosis.