The first report on gene rearrangements in solid tumors in general and PCa in particular, however, was reported in 2005, when Tomlins and colleagues applied a statistical approach termed cancer outlier profile analysis in combination with rapid amplification of cDNA ends, thus identifying the TMPRSS2-ERG, TMPRSS2-ETV1 and TMPRSS2-ETV4 fusions in PCa samples [18,19]. Here, TMPRSS2 is linked to posterior cortical atrophy.