As shown in Table 2, the rate of chronic infection and self-resolved infection, presented as HBsAg-negative and anti-HBc-positive, in the VD group was 2.3% (6/261) and 3.8% (10/261) respectively, each comparable to that in the ECS group (p = 0.904 and 0.355 respectively). The gene discussed is KRT88P; the disease is infection.