Hence the present study was designed (a) to evaluate the levels of serum vitamin D in epithelial ovarian cancer patients, (b) to evaluate the association of Vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphism (FokI) with the risk of epithelial ovarian cancer and (c) to explore if the relationship between vitamin D levels and vitamin D receptor polymorphism FokI is additive in their action. This evidence concerns the gene VDR and ovarian carcinoma.