Based on previous studies showing that STAT1 and STAT3 signaling pathways have opposite effects on tumorigenesis [18], we investigated downstream targets of STAT1 and STAT3 to further elucidate the mechanisms underlying the proliferative and pro-survival effects of IL-26 mediated by STAT1 and STAT3 signaling in GC cell lines. The gene discussed is IL26; the disease is gastric cancer.