The increased invasive capability of DU145R80 cells was paralleled by the increase in MMP-2/9 gene expression and secretion in the culture media, a critical event that has been demonstrated to support invasion and metastasis in PCa.19 Interestingly, we have previously shown in a phase I trial that a decreased serum level of MMP-2/9 correlated with disease control in hormone-refractory PCa patients undergoing docetaxel and ZOL combination treatment, whereas increased serum levels of both MMPs were observed in non-responding patients.20 Here, MMP2 is linked to posterior cortical atrophy.