The EMT in cancer cells is associated with increased mobility, invasive phenotype and drug resistance and involves loss or lowered expression of epithelial markers (e.g., E-cadherin and keratins) and increased expression of mesenchymal markers (e.g., vimentin).16 As shown in Figure 3c, we demonstrated in DU145R80, compared with DU145 cells, a clear reduction of the E-cadherin mRNA level, and a concomitant upregulation of its repressor factor ZEB1, confirmed by analysis of protein expression (Figure 3d). Here, VIM is linked to cancer.