VEGFA and hepatocellular carcinoma: Liu and coauthors designed a novel multifunctional polymeric nanoparticle contrast agent (Anti-VEGF PLA-PEG-PLL-Gd NP) simultaneously modified with Gd-DTPA and anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) antibody to deliver Gd-DTPA to the tumor area and achieve the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) at an early stage [55].