Gene array experiments further confirmed the positive effects of weight loss on expression of inflammation- and cancer-related genes, including gene sets regulated by TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-17, prostaglandins, as well as redox-sensitive proteins, such as the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), NF-κB, activating transcription factor (ATF) and cyclic AMP response element binding (CREB) [121]. Here, TNF is linked to cancer.