The combination of TORC1 and proteasome inhibitors was shown to act synergistically to cause cell death in pre-B acute lymphocytic leukaemia [57] and to inhibit cell growth in human oesophageal adenocarcinoma [58], suggesting that the cooperative nature of the two pathways in controlling cell growth may be conserved from yeast to mammals. This evidence concerns the gene CRTC1 and esophageal adenocarcinoma.