TLR4 and Hepatic fibrosis: Recently, the release of HMGB1 induced by liver ischemia has been reported to be involved in TLR4-dependent reactive oxygen species production and calcium-mediated signaling [18], and TLR-4 is also involved in HMGB1-induced vascular smooth muscle cells migration [19].So whether the interaction of HMGB1 with TLR4 can play a critical role in hepatic fibrosis and the related mechanism still need further investigation.