The most promising markers for discriminating between TB disease and no disease in all study participants, regardless of HIV infection status, included IFN-α2 (N and Ag), IL-1Ra (N), sCD40L (N and Ag) and VEGF (N, Ag and Ag-N), whereas IL-1Ra (N), IP-10 (N), and VEGF(Ag-N), showed the most potential in discriminating between M.tb infection and active TB. Here, VEGFA is linked to tuberculosis.