Chronic hyperinsulinemia promotes hepatic lipogenesis through upregulation of lipogenic transcription factors, such as LXR-α, which is a nuclear transcription factor highly expressed in the liver that enhances transcription of several genes involved in lipogenesis, including SREBP-1c and its target genes ACC, FAS, SCD-1, and DGAT-2 in the presence of increased insulin [29], [30]. Here, INS is linked to hyperinsulinism.