As there is a continued need for innovative and effective strategies to treat recurrent/chemo-resistant ovarian cancer, our research group has provided in vivo models demonstrating that multiple i.p injections of sublethal doses of CPE every three days significantly inhibited tumor growth in 100% of mice harboring claudin-3 and -4 positive chemotherapy resistant ovarian tumor xenografts [97]. This evidence concerns the gene CLDN3 and ovarian carcinoma.