A recent study reported ERBB4 upregulation in neuroblastoma cells in vitro under anchorage independent or serum starvation conditions, which was also associated with marked chemoresistance (Hua et al, 2012) Therefore, while epithelial malignancies utilize EGFR and HER2 for oncogenic signalling through ErbB family RTKs, tumours of neural or mesenchymal origin may instead preferentially activate ERBB4, although additional studies are necessary to rigorously test this possibility. This evidence concerns the gene EGFR and neuroblastoma.